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Chapter 12 -- Force & Newton's Laws of Motion #1



Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

Of the following, the greatest gravitational force would occur between
a.
a marble and a baseball 5 meters apart.
b.
a loaded freighter on the high seas and Earth.
c.
the moon and an astronaut standing on the moon.
d.
the moon and Earth.
 

 2. 

The law that states that every object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force is
a.
Newton’s first law of motion.
b.
Newton’s second law of motion.
c.
Newton’s third law of motion.
d.
the law of conservation of momentum.
 

 3. 

The law that states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force is
a.
Newton’s first law of motion.
b.
Newton’s second law of motion.
c.
Newton’s third law of motion.
d.
the law of conservation of momentum.
 

 4. 

The law that states that the unbalanced force acting on an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration is
a.
Newton’s first law of motion.
b.
Newton’s second law of motion.
c.
Newton’s third law of motion.
d.
the law of conservation of momentum.
 

 5. 

Which of the following equations is correct?
a.
w = mg
c.
w = g/m
b.
w = m/g
d.
w = g + m
 

 6. 

What is the approximate terminal velocity of a sky diver before the parachute opens?
a.
32 mi/h
c.
320 mi/h
b.
32 km/h
d.
320 km/h
 

 7. 

Earth pulls on the moon and holds the moon in its orbit. The moon pulls on Earth with an equal and opposite force. This is an example of
a.
Newton’s first law.
c.
Newton’s third law.
b.
Newton’s second law.
d.
None of the above
 

 8. 

What is the unbalanced force that slows down a ball rolling across the floor?
a.
the force of friction
c.
the force of inertia
b.
the force of gravity
d.
the force of momentum
 

 9. 

If two objects with different masses and traveling with different velocities collide, what law allows you to predict the motion of the objects after the collision?
a.
the law of conservation of momentum
b.
the law of universal gravitation
c.
Newton’s third law
d.
Newton’s second law
 

 10. 

Express the following as an equation: One newton is the force that can give an object with a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of 1 m/s2.
a.
1 N = 1 kg ÷ 1 m/s2
c.
1 N = 1 m/s2 ÷ 1 kg
b.
1 N ´ 1 kg = 1 m/s2
d.
1 N = 1 kg ´ 1 m/s2
 

 11. 

When gravitational forces and air resistance equalize on an object that is falling toward Earth and the object stops accelerating, what is the velocity of an object called?
a.
resultant velocity
c.
instantaneous velocity
b.
terminal velocity
d.
average velocity
 

 12. 

In the absence of air resistance, how would the acceleration of a 1.5 kg book and the acceleration of a 15 kg rock differ if the objects were dropped from the same height?
a.
The book would accelerate twice as fast as the rock.
b.
The rock would accelerate twice as fast as the book.
c.
The book would accelerate ten times as fast as the rock.
d.
They would not differ; they would be the same.
 

 13. 

What happens immediately after a sky diver opens her parachute?
a.
Air resistance greatly increases.
b.
The sky diver is in free fall.
c.
The sky diver’s speed greatly increases.
d.
The force of gravity greatly increases.
 

 14. 

Which statement illustrates Newton’s first law?
a.
A stone will not move unless something pushes or pulls it.
b.
A ball rolling across the floor eventually slows down.
c.
As a car comes to a stop, the passengers continue to move forward.
d.
All of the above
 

 15. 

Which object has the greatest inertia?
a.
a tennis ball
c.
a beach ball
b.
a bowling ball
d.
a volleyball
 

 16. 

What force causes a skater sliding on the ice to gradually slow down?
a.
a balanced force
c.
friction
b.
inertia
d.
acceleration
 

 17. 

A seat belt helps you when your car stops suddenly by providing a(n)
a.
balanced forward force.
c.
balanced backward force.
b.
unbalanced forward force.
d.
unbalanced backward force.
 

 18. 

One newton is the force that can give a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of
a.
1 m/s.
c.
1 m/s2.
b.
9.8 m/s.
d.
9.8 m/s2.
 

 19. 

Which of the following will result in the greatest acceleration?
a.
56 N acting on a 1-kg box
c.
23 N acting on a 2-kg box
b.
56 N acting on a 2-kg box
d.
23 N acting on a 5-kg box
 

 20. 

What unbalanced force is needed to give a 976 kg vehicle an acceleration of 2.50 m/s2?
a.
3.90 ´ 102 N
c.
2.44 ´ 103 N
b.
3.90 ´ 102 lb
d.
2.44 ´ 103 lb
 

 21. 

If an equal force is applied to two cars of equal mass, Car A and Car B, Car A will have _____ acceleration as (than) Car B.
a.
the same
c.
less
b.
greater
d.
the opposite
 

 22. 

The gravitational force between two objects depends on masses of objects and
a.
accelerations of objects.
c.
speeds of objects.
b.
distance between objects.
d.
sizes of objects.
 

 23. 

Which of the following objects exerts a gravitational force?
a.
a bowling ball
c.
a feather
b.
a book
d.
All of the above
 

 24. 

Increasing which of these conditions results in more gravitational force between two objects?
a.
distance
c.
mass
b.
acceleration
d.
surface area
 

 25. 

When an object is in free fall, the only force acting on it is
a.
gravity.
c.
inertia.
b.
friction.
d.
terminal velocity.
 

 26. 

Free-fall acceleration near Earth’s surface
a.
depends on an object’s weight.
c.
depends on an object’s mass.
b.
is the same for all objects.
d.
None of the above
 

 27. 

How much does a 59.0 kg woman weigh on Earth?
a.
6.02 N
c.
145 lb
b.
59.0 lb
d.
578 N
 

 28. 

Orbital motion is a combination of
a.
mass and friction.
c.
acceleration and gravity.
b.
forward motion and free fall.
d.
weight and vertical velocity.
 

 29. 

Astronauts “float” when inside an orbiting spaceship because they are
a.
weightless.
c.
in free fall.
b.
in a vacuum.
d.
outside Earth’s gravity.
 

 30. 

Which is an example of projectile motion?
a.
a rolling bowling ball
c.
a balloon rising in the air
b.
a dart thrown at a dart board
d.
a high-speed train accelerating
 

 31. 

Whenever a force is exerted, another force occurs that is _____ in size, and _____ in direction.
a.
equal, same
c.
equal, opposite
b.
smaller, same
d.
smaller, opposite
 

 32. 

The force exerted on the racket by a hit tennis ball is the
a.
gravitational force.
c.
acceleration.
b.
reaction force.
d.
action force.
 

 33. 

Which statement about action-reaction force pairs is incorrect?
a.
They act on the same object.
c.
They occur at the same time.
b.
They always occur in pairs.
d.
They are equal and opposite.
 

 34. 

An object’s momentum is determined by the object’s
a.
weight and velocity.
c.
mass and velocity.
b.
mass and acceleration.
d.
weight and acceleration.
 

 35. 

Two identical cars are traveling at equal speeds. One is going north and the other south. If they collide head-on and stick together, what will happen to the motion of the cars?
a.
Both cars will move north.
c.
Both cars will move south.
b.
Both cars will move east.
d.
Both cars will stop.
 

 36. 

What is the momentum of a 255 g apple falling at 16.0 m/s?
a.
4.08 m/s2 downward
c.
15.9 m/s2 downward
b.
4.08 kg • m/s downward
d.
15.9 kg • m/s downward
 

 37. 

Which of the following has a momentum of zero?
a.
a newspaper lying on a table
c.
a leaf falling to the ground
b.
a plane flying through the air
d.
All of the above
 

 38. 

When a moving bowling ball hits a pin, some of the ball’s momentum
a.
doubles in force.
c.
is transferred to the pin.
b.
increases the pin’s mass.
d.
is lost.
 

 39. 

How does the total momentum of two objects before a collision compare with the total momentum after the collision?
a.
It is the same.
c.
It is equal to zero
b.
It is less.
d.
It is greater.
 

 40. 

A 10.0 kg dog chasing a rabbit north at 6.0 m/s has a momentum of
a.
0.6 kg m/s.
c.
60.0 m/s.
b.
60.0 kg m/s north.
d.
60.0 kg/s.
 

 41. 

When the velocity of an object changes, it is acted upon by a(n)
a.
force.
c.
momentum.
b.
inertia.
d.
deceleration.
 

 42. 

If the net force on an object is zero, then the object has
a.
reaction forces.
c.
balanced forces.
b.
action forces.
d.
unbalanced forces.
 

 43. 

When objects are moved further apart from each other, the force of gravity between them
a.
increases.
c.
decreases.
b.
stays the same.
d.
decreases at first then increases.
 

 44. 

The SI unit of force, named after the scientist who described the relationship between motion and force, is called the
a.
newton.
c.
curie.
b.
einstein.
d.
pasteur
 

 45. 

When air resistance balances the weight of a falling object, the velocity
a.
slowly decreases.
c.
rapidly increases.
b.
remains constant.
d.
None of the above
 

 46. 

The weight of an object can be calculated by multiplying mass by
a.
distance.
c.
velocity.
b.
speed.
d.
free-fall acceleration.
 

 47. 

Which object does not have momentum?
a.
a fish swimming in a pond
c.
a rock by the side of the road
b.
a feather falling to the ground
d.
a boulder rolling down a hill
 

 48. 

What is the reaction force when you place a cup on a table?
a.
the force of the cup on the table
c.
the force of gravity on the table
b.
the force of the table on the cup
d.
the force of gravity on the cup
 

 49. 

Which of the following is not a factor in calculating momentum?
a.
mass
c.
acceleration
b.
direction
d.
speed
 

 50. 

Whenever an object is standing still, which value is always zero?
a.
speed
c.
momentum
b.
velocity
d.
All of the above
 

 51. 

A tug-of-war that results in one team pulling the other across the line is an example of
a.
action forces.
c.
balanced forces.
b.
reaction forces.
d.
unbalanced forces.
 

 52. 

A force is continuously applied to an object, causing it to accelerate. After a period of time, however, the object stops accelerating. What conclusions can be drawn?
a.
The mass of the object has increased.
b.
Gravity on the object has increased.
c.
The object is experiencing some kind of friction.
d.
The momentum of the object has reached a maximum.
 

 53. 

Weight is best described as
a.
an object’s resistance to acceleration.
b.
what causes an object to fall.
c.
the downward force exerted on an object due to gravity.
d.
a force solely dependent on an object’s mass.
 

 54. 

Which of the following units is used to measure acceleration?
a.
m/s
c.
m/s2
b.
m s
d.
m2/s2
 

 55. 

Which of the following is true?
a.
Weight and mass are proportional but not equal.
b.
Weight is gravitational force an object experiences due to its mass.
c.
The weight of an object on Earth is greater than the weight of the same object on the moon, but the object’s mass stays the same.
d.
All of the above
 

 56. 

The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest is
a.
inertia.
c.
free fall.
b.
momentum.
d.
acceleration.
 

 57. 

Near Earth’s surface, the strongest gravitational force would occur between an elephant and
a.
the sun.
c.
a cat.
b.
the moon.
d.
Earth.
 

 58. 

Near Earth’s surface, an object’s free-fall acceleration increases as its
a.
mass increases.
c.
speed increases.
b.
weight increases.
d.
None of the above