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Chemistry -- Chapter 3 -- States of Matter



Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

Temperature is a measure of the average _____ energy of the particles in the object.
a.
thermal
c.
potential
b.
kinetic
d.
chemical
 

 2. 

The heavier a particle, the _____ it moves.
a.
slower
c.
less
b.
faster
d.
more
 

 3. 

What determines the speed of the atoms and molecules of a particular substance?
a.
size of the atoms and molecules
c.
Both (a) and (b)
b.
temperature of the substance
d.
None of the above
 

 4. 

Archimedes’ principle states that the buoyant force on a(n) _____ is equal to the weight of the displaced volume of fluid.
a.
object in the fluid
b.
object floating on the fluid
c.
fluid mixing with another liquid
d.
substance dissolving into the fluid
 

 5. 

Which state of matter will hold its shape without a container?
a.
solid
c.
gas
b.
liquid
d.
plasma
 

 6. 

The kinetic theory states that the higher the temperature, the faster the
a.
particles that make up a substance move.
b.
bonds between atoms break down.
c.
molecules of gas rush together.
d.
lighter particles within a substance clump together.
 

 7. 

The change of a substance from a solid directly to a gas is called
a.
condensation.
c.
melting.
b.
evaporation.
d.
sublimation.
 

 8. 

Evaporation refers to the change of state from a
a.
liquid to a gas.
c.
solid to a liquid.
b.
gas to a liquid.
d.
liquid to a solid.
 

 9. 

The law of conservation of mass states that mass cannot be
a.
burned.
c.
created or destroyed.
b.
changed in form.
d.
heated or cooled.
 

 10. 

Ice floats in water because it is
a.
more dense than water.
c.
colder than water.
b.
less dense than water.
d.
warmer than water.
 

 11. 

Boyle’s law relates the pressure of a gas to its
a.
container.
c.
molecular composition.
b.
volume.
d.
temperature.
 

 12. 

When a fixed sample of gas increases in volume, it must also
a.
decrease in pressure.
c.
Either (a) or (b)
b.
increase in temperature.
d.
Both (a) and (b)
 

 13. 

Gay-Lussac’s law relates the temperature of a gas to its
a.
container.
c.
molecular composition.
b.
volume.
d.
pressure.
 

 14. 

Pressure is calculated by dividing force by the _____ over which the force is exerted.
a.
mass
c.
volume
b.
area
d.
None of the above
 

 15. 

As the temperature of a fixed amount of gas at constant volume decreases, its pressure
a.
decreases.
c.
increases.
b.
stays the same.
d.
None of the above
 

 16. 

As the volume of a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature decreases, its pressure
a.
decreases.
b.
stays the same.
c.
increases.
d.
Insufficient data to answer question
 

 17. 

According to the kinetic theory of matter, which of the following statements is true about matter?
a.
The atoms and molecules of a substance are always in motion.
b.
The higher the temperature of a substance, the faster its particles move.
c.
More massive particles move more slowly than less massive particles.
d.
All of the above
 

 18. 

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is called
a.
plasma.
c.
thermal energy.
b.
kinetic temperature.
d.
particle energy.
 

 19. 

All matter is made of atoms and molecules that are
a.
always fixed in position.
c.
moving in the same direction.
b.
always in motion.
d.
moving slowly.
 

 20. 

The process of a solid changing directly into a gas is called
a.
condensation.
c.
freezing.
b.
evaporation.
d.
sublimation.
 

 21. 

According to the law of conservation of mass,
a.
mass is lost only in chemical changes.
b.
mass is lost only in physical changes.
c.
total mass stays the same in changes of state.
d.
only energy is lost in changes of state.
 

 22. 

According to the law of conservation of energy
a.
energy is not absorbed or released in changes of state.
b.
energy is not transferred during changes of state.
c.
energy is not created or destroyed in changes of state.
d.
a substance has the same energy before and after a change of state.
 

 23. 

When ice melts to form liquid, energy is
a.
created.
c.
released.
b.
destroyed.
d.
absorbed.
 

 24. 

The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid is the
a.
freezing point.
c.
boiling point.
b.
saturation point.
d.
condensation point.
 

 25. 

The engine of a car left running for a long period of time becomes hot because
a.
energy is created by burning gasoline.
b.
energy is absorbed by burning gasoline.
c.
energy is transferred from burning gasoline.
d.
energy is released as gasoline evaporates.
 

 26. 

A substance changes from a liquid to a gas during evaporation because
a.
energy is lost.
c.
energy is created.
b.
energy is released.
d.
energy is absorbed.
 

 27. 

What happens to the particles of a substance when it condenses?
a.
Particles speed up and spread out.
b.
Particles slow down and clump together.
c.
Particles stick together and stop moving.
d.
Particles vibrate as they lose energy.
 

 28. 

Which of the following is not a fluid?
a.
air
c.
carbon dioxide
b.
water
d.
wood
 

 29. 

Boyle’s law relates the pressure of a gas to its
a.
temperature.
c.
volume.
b.
container.
d.
composition.
 

 30. 

Charles’s law relates the volume of a gas to its
a.
container.
c.
composition.
b.
pressure.
d.
temperature.
 

 31. 

The gas law relating the temperature and pressure of a gas is
a.
Guy-Lussac’s law.
c.
Archimedes’ principle.
b.
Boyle’s law.
d.
Charles’s law.
 

 32. 

As the temperature of a gas at constant volume decreases, its pressure
a.
decreases.
c.
increases.
b.
stays the same.
d.
disappears.
 

 33. 

Gases are unique in comparison to solids and liquids because they
a.
obey Bernoulli’s principle.
c.
are fluids.
b.
have no definite shape.
d.
are easily compressible.
 

 34. 

As the pressure of a gas at constant temperature decreases, its volume
a.
decreases.
c.
increases.
b.
stays the same.
d.
None of the above.
 

 35. 

What law is illustrated by the equation P1V1 = P2V2
a.
Charles’s law
c.
Gay-Lussac’s law
b.
Boyle’s law
d.
Archimedes’ principle
 

 36. 

Which of these properties is shared by solids, liquids, and gases?
a.
They expand to fill their containers.
b.
Their particles are in constant motion.
c.
They are easily compressible.
d.
They are fluids.
 

 37. 

Why does the volume of a gas decrease when the pressure increases?
a.
Gas particles slow down when the pressure is increased.
b.
Gas particles bond when the pressure is increased.
c.
Gas particles are pushed together when the pressure is increased.
d.
Gas particles become smaller when the pressure is increased.
 

 38. 

A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is called
a.
thermal energy.
c.
plasma.
b.
kinetic energy.
d.
temperature.
 

 39. 

The process of a liquid becoming a gas is called
a.
sublimation.
c.
evaporation.
b.
condensation.
d.
freezing.
 

 40. 

The process of a liquid becoming a solid is called
a.
condensation.
c.
evaporation.
b.
freezing.
d.
melting.
 

 41. 

A state of matter that is not a fluid is
a.
water.
c.
liquid.
b.
gas.
d.
solid.
 

 42. 

Which state of matter has a definite volume, but not a definite shape?
a.
plasma
c.
liquid
b.
gas
d.
solid
 

 43. 

How does the density of an object that sinks into a fluid compare to the density of the fluid?
a.
The object that sinks is less dense than the fluid.
b.
The object that sinks is more dense than the fluid.
c.
The object that sinks is as dense as the fluid.
d.
The density of the object is not related to the density of the fluid.
 

 44. 

Unlike a gas, a plasma
a.
has no mass.
c.
has no definite volume.
b.
has no definite shape.
d.
conducts electric current.
 

 45. 

Charles’s law relates the volume of a gas to its
a.
container.
c.
composition.
b.
pressure.
d.
temperature.
 

 46. 

When a fixed sample of gas increases in temperature, it must also
a.
increase in pressure.
c.
decrease in pressure.
b.
increase in volume.
d.
increase in mass.
 

 47. 

The kinetic theory helps to explain the differences between
a.
temperatures of objects.
c.
types of motion.
b.
particles of matter.
d.
states of matter.
 

 48. 

A solid becomes a gas through a process called
a.
sublimation.
c.
evaporation.
b.
condensation.
d.
freezing.
 

 49. 

A gas becomes a liquid through a process called
a.
melting
c.
evaporation.
b.
freezing.
d.
condensation.
 

 50. 

Compared to less massive particles at the same temperature, more massive particles
a.
move more quickly.
c.
are closer together.
b.
move more slowly.
d.
are farther apart.
 

 51. 

Boyle’s law relates the volume of a gas to its
a.
container.
c.
composition.
b.
pressure.
d.
temperature.
 

 52. 

When a fixed sample of gas increases in volume, it must also
a.
decrease in pressure.
c.
increase in mass.
b.
increase in temperature.
d.
increase in density.