True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
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1.
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Kelp forests are also found along the coast of Florida. They like the warm water.
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2.
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Kelp plants produce seeds that float in the water and turn into baby kelp plants.
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3.
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Giant kelp plant beds are found all along the west coast of the United States.
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4.
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Spiny lobsters LOVE to munch on the finger-like haptera of the giant kelp plant.
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5.
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Kelp air bladders are filled with Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Methane.
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6.
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Sea otters are lucky that they are an apex preditor. No ocean animal hunts the sea otter.
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7.
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From our plankton labs at CIMI and our Kelp Forest unit, we know that plankton, both phytoplankton (microscopic plants) and zooplankton (microscopic animals), form the basis of the ocean food chain.
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8.
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An echinoderm such as the sea star is a carnivore.
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9.
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Kelp forests are as productive as tropical rain forests and coral ecosystems.
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10.
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Kelp is among the fastest growing plant in the world in either marine or terrestrial habitats.
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11.
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A nudibranch is faking it. The bright color is only a warning to other animals. It’s not really poisonous.
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12.
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The sheepshead is a protected fish in California. In fact, it is the State Fish.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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13.
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Leaf-like structure on the giant kelp plant.
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a.
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stipe |
c.
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blade |
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b.
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frond |
d.
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holdfast |
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14.
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Part of the kelp plant above the holdfast.
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a.
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blade |
c.
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apex |
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b.
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frond |
d.
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haptera |
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15.
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Stem-like structure of the giant kelp.
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a.
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holdfast |
c.
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frond |
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b.
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stipe |
d.
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blade |
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16.
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Special name for the air bladder on a giant kelp plant.
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a.
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pneumatocyst |
c.
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pneumatophore |
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b.
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pneumatic |
d.
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pneumatometer |
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17.
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Root-like structure of the giant kelp.
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a.
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haptera |
c.
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holder |
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b.
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root ball |
d.
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holdfast |
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18.
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Special term for “the bottom of the ocean.”
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a.
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sea floor |
c.
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substrate |
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b.
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trench |
d.
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subterranean |
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19.
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Finger-like projections that help the bottom of the kelp attach to a rock.
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a.
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haptene |
c.
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holdfast |
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b.
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haptera |
d.
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hapteron |
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20.
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Microscopic cells that are released from kelp blades close to the bottom of the kelp plant. These cells are fertilized and become baby kelp plants.
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a.
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sporocytes |
c.
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sporangium |
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b.
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sporangiophores |
d.
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spores |
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21.
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Special blades on the bottom of the kelp above the holdfast that produce baby kelp cells.
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a.
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sporophylls |
c.
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sporophores |
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b.
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sporozoa |
d.
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sporocytes |
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22.
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Movement of ocean water from the bottom of the ocean to the surface that carries nutrients to shallower water.
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a.
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deep ocean currents |
c.
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uplift |
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b.
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upwelling |
d.
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nutrients |
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23.
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_______________ + nitrates = Chemicals contained in decomposing bottom material that enrich the water at shallower depths. Kelp plants need these chemicals to flourish.
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a.
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calcium |
c.
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iron |
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b.
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ferilizers |
d.
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phosphates |
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24.
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Process by which plants take in sunlight and carbon dioxide and produce sugars and oxygen.
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a.
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photosynthythesis |
c.
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photochromatic |
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b.
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photochemical |
d.
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photoconductive |
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25.
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In this word formula of the chemical reaction that takes place in plants where they make oxygen, what is missing? [carbon dioxide + water + ????? = sugar + oxygen]
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a.
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methane |
c.
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carbon monoxide |
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b.
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sunlight |
d.
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salt |
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26.
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The movement of nutrients to parts of the kelp plant that are shaded. This allows the kelp plant to continue growing even when it is nighttime.
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a.
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transduction |
c.
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translocation |
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b.
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transcendence |
d.
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transference |
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27.
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Latin name for giant brown kelp found off California coast.
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a.
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Laminaria Japonica |
c.
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Eckilonia Maxima |
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b.
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Macrocystis Pyrifera |
d.
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Nereocystis Luetkeana |
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28.
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Growth rate of giant kelp plant (per day).
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a.
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12 - 18” |
c.
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6 - 12” |
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b.
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24 - 36” |
d.
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36 - 48” |
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29.
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Latin name for the algae phylum to which giant kelp belongs.
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a.
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phaeophyta |
c.
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chlorophyta |
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b.
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phaenogamic |
d.
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rodophyta |
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30.
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Latin name for red algae.
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a.
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phaeophyta |
c.
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chlorophyta |
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b.
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phaenogamic |
d.
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rodophyta |
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31.
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Latin name for green algae.
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a.
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phaeophyta |
c.
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chlorophyta |
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b.
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phaenogamic |
d.
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rodophyta |
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32.
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Type of kelp that has been torn off its holdfast and is floating at the surface. Under the right conditions, it can re-attach itself to the ocean bottom.
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a.
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kelp ball |
c.
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kelp forest |
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b.
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tumble kelp |
d.
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drift kelp |
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33.
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The tip (or end) of an individual kelp blade.
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a.
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tip |
c.
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end |
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b.
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apex |
d.
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atypical |
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34.
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The term used to name dead plant material.... As when a kelp frond breaks off from the bottom, washes up on the shore, stops photosynthesis, dies, and begins decomposing.
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a.
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eutrophication |
c.
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detritus |
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b.
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degeneration |
d.
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garbage |
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35.
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Name of the famous naturalist who was a passenger aboard the sailing ship Beagle. He wrote “Origin of the Species” and is the founder of the theory of evolution -- the idea that living species change over time and ‘evolve.’ Even back in 1890, he knew that kelp forests were habitats that were as rich and productive as tropical rain forests.
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a.
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Charles Lyell |
c.
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Max Planc |
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b.
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Isaac Newton |
d.
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Charles Darwin |
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36.
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5 ways that kelp forests act as a nursery:
(Note: 4 of these are WRONG. Only 1 is CORRECT.)
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a.
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slow down, sunlight, food, height, space between |
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b.
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slow down, a break in the waves, anchors, space between |
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c.
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slow down, shade, hiding places, different habitats, food |
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d.
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slow down, shade, hiding places, anchors, spaces between |
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e.
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slow down, shade, food, anchors, space between |
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37.
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The name for a diagram that shows producers and consumers, preditors and prey in a particular ecosystem.
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a.
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preditor - prey diagram |
c.
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ecosystem overview |
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b.
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food web |
d.
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producer - consumer index |
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38.
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A plant eater.
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a.
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herbivore |
c.
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omnivore |
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b.
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carnivore |
d.
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epiphyte |
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39.
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What we call an area that has been overrun by too many spiny echinoderms (think of a roundish critter with spines all over its body!)
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a.
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sea urchin mob |
c.
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sea urchin crowd |
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b.
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sea urchin plague |
d.
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sea urchin barren |
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40.
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Soft-bodied animal that has a single exterior shell and a soft unsegmented body inside. (sea snails, conchs, welks, coneshells)
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a.
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echinoderm |
c.
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gastropod |
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b.
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cnidarian |
d.
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cephalopod |
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41.
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Animals that have a warty appearance, move through the use of tube feet, and have their mouths on the underside of their bodies. (examples: sea urchins, sea star, feather star, sea cucumber)
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a.
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echinoderm |
c.
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gastropod |
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b.
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cnidarian |
d.
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cephalopod |
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42.
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Soft-bodied animals that may or may not have an exterior shell. (Some have one shell: sea snail; some have 2 shells: oyster; some have no shell: nudibranch & octopus & squid
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a.
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echinoderm |
c.
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cnidarian |
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b.
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cephalopod |
d.
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mollusc |
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43.
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The top of the kelp forest where blades rest on the surface of the water.
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a.
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holdfast |
c.
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mid-story |
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b.
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canopy |
d.
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sea bottom |
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44.
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The middle of the kelp frond.
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a.
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holdfast |
c.
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mid-story |
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b.
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canopy |
d.
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sea bottom |
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45.
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A species important to the balance of an ecosystem. (Example: The health of the kelp forest can be interpreted as how healthy the sea otters are. Therefore, sea otters are considered a .......... species.)
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a.
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important (species) |
c.
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indicator (species) |
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b.
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apex (species) |
d.
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keystone (species) |
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46.
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The process of dead organic plant matter breaking down, decomposing, or rotting.
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a.
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euphotic |
c.
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eutrophy |
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b.
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eutrophication |
d.
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euphenic |
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47.
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An explosive growth of microsopic plants that cuts down on water quality & reduces photosynthesis in kelp forests.
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a.
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plankton bloom |
c.
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marine fog |
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b.
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zooplankton bloom |
d.
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red tide |
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48.
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A substance extracted from giant kelp that is an emulsifier -- it helps substances flow (as in toothpastes and ice cream).
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a.
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algate |
c.
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algicide |
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b.
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algin |
d.
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algum |
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49.
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Which one of these 5 threats to kelp forests is NOT TRUE?
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a.
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over grazing |
d.
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too many garibaldi |
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b.
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over harvesting |
e.
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storms |
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c.
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water clarity |
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50.
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In our discussion of the canopy habitat of a giant kelp plant, we discussed one species that was listed on the slide, but probably could NOT make it up to the top of the kelp frond because it has too much mass. Name the species:
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a.
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spiny lobster |
c.
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leafy sea dragon |
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b.
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cuttlefish |
d.
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sea urchin |
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